CHAPTER 5 - HOW ECOSYSTEMS WORK
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Chapter 5 Objectives
SECTION 1 - ENERGY FLOW IN ECOSYSTEMS
* Describe how energy is transferred from the sun to producers and then to consumers.
* Describe one way in which consumers depend on producers.
* List two types of consumers.
* Explain how energy transfer in a food web is more complex than energy transfer in a food chain.
* Explain why an energy pyramid is a representation of trophic levels.
SECTION 2 - THE CYCLING OF MATERIALS
* Describe the short-term and long-term process of the carbon cycle.
* Identify one way that humans are affecting the carbon cycle.
* List the three stages of the nitrogen cycle.
* Describe the role that nitrogen-fixing bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle.
* Explain how the excess use of fertilizer can affect te nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.
SECTION 3 - HOW ECOSYSTEMS CHANGE
* List two types of ecological succession.
* Explain how a pioneer species contributes to ecological succession.
* Expain what happens during old-field succession.
* Describe how lichens contribute to primary succession.
* Describe how energy is transferred from the sun to producers and then to consumers.
* Describe one way in which consumers depend on producers.
* List two types of consumers.
* Explain how energy transfer in a food web is more complex than energy transfer in a food chain.
* Explain why an energy pyramid is a representation of trophic levels.
SECTION 2 - THE CYCLING OF MATERIALS
* Describe the short-term and long-term process of the carbon cycle.
* Identify one way that humans are affecting the carbon cycle.
* List the three stages of the nitrogen cycle.
* Describe the role that nitrogen-fixing bacteria play in the nitrogen cycle.
* Explain how the excess use of fertilizer can affect te nitrogen and phosphorus cycles.
SECTION 3 - HOW ECOSYSTEMS CHANGE
* List two types of ecological succession.
* Explain how a pioneer species contributes to ecological succession.
* Expain what happens during old-field succession.
* Describe how lichens contribute to primary succession.
Chapter 5 Notes
Section 1 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Section 1 - Notes Sheet | |
File Size: | 14 kb |
File Type: | docx |
Section 1 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems | |
File Size: | 1001 kb |
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Section 2 - The Cycling of Materials
Section 2 - Notes Sheet | |
File Size: | 34 kb |
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Section 2 - The Cycling of Materials | |
File Size: | 1723 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change
Section 3 - Notes Sheet | |
File Size: | 14 kb |
File Type: | docx |
Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change Part 1 | |
File Size: | 4008 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change Part 2 | |
File Size: | 4627 kb |
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Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change Part 3 | |
File Size: | 3965 kb |
File Type: | ppt |
Chapter 5 Worksheets
Lost your homework? Forgot your binder in your locker?
Section 1 - Energy Flow in Ecosystems
Active Reading | |
File Size: | 33 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Section 2 - The Cycling of Materials
Active Reading | |
File Size: | 31 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Section 3 - How Ecosystems Change
Active Reading | |
File Size: | 32 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Chapter Review
Concept Review | |
File Size: | 33 kb |
File Type: | doc |
Book Questions
Section 1 - Page 131, Questions #s 1-5
Section 2 - Page 136, Questions #s 1-4
Section 3 - Page 141, Questions #s 1-5
Chapter Review - Page 143, Questions #s 1-21, 24-26
Section 2 - Page 136, Questions #s 1-4
Section 3 - Page 141, Questions #s 1-5
Chapter Review - Page 143, Questions #s 1-21, 24-26
Chapter 5 Key Terms
Glossary | |
File Size: | 49 kb |
File Type: |
1. Photosynthesis
2. Producer
3. Consumer
4. Decomposer
5. Cellular Respiration
6. Food Chain
7. Food Web
8. Trophic Level
9. Carbon Cycle
10. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
11. Nitrogen Cycle
12. Phosphorus Cycle
13. Ecological Succession
14. Primary Succession
15. Secondary Succession
16. Pioneer Species
17. Climax Community
2. Producer
3. Consumer
4. Decomposer
5. Cellular Respiration
6. Food Chain
7. Food Web
8. Trophic Level
9. Carbon Cycle
10. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
11. Nitrogen Cycle
12. Phosphorus Cycle
13. Ecological Succession
14. Primary Succession
15. Secondary Succession
16. Pioneer Species
17. Climax Community
Chapter 5 - Journal Activities
Journal Activity #1 - Draw a food Web that shows the following relationships. (You may draw pictures or just write the names.)
In a mountain meadow, grasshoppers and aphids eat the flowers and grasses. Ladybugs eat the aphids, and blue jays eat the grasshoppers and ladybugs. Blue jays also eat grass seeds and pine nuts and even an occassional small frog from the pond. The frogs ate algae in the pond when they were tadpoles, but now they catch grasshoppers and other insects. The field mice eat grass seeds and pine nuts. Rabbits eat young grass shoots, and the deer graze on small green willow twigs. Owls and hawks eat the frogs, mice, and rabbits, and once in a while a cougar visits the meadow and preys on a fawn or sick deer. Use arrows to show who eats what. (REMEMBER: The arrow should always point in the direction that the energy is being transferred.)
Answer the following question: Do you think their will be more rabbits or owls living in this area. Explain.
In a mountain meadow, grasshoppers and aphids eat the flowers and grasses. Ladybugs eat the aphids, and blue jays eat the grasshoppers and ladybugs. Blue jays also eat grass seeds and pine nuts and even an occassional small frog from the pond. The frogs ate algae in the pond when they were tadpoles, but now they catch grasshoppers and other insects. The field mice eat grass seeds and pine nuts. Rabbits eat young grass shoots, and the deer graze on small green willow twigs. Owls and hawks eat the frogs, mice, and rabbits, and once in a while a cougar visits the meadow and preys on a fawn or sick deer. Use arrows to show who eats what. (REMEMBER: The arrow should always point in the direction that the energy is being transferred.)
Answer the following question: Do you think their will be more rabbits or owls living in this area. Explain.
Journal Activity #2 - Answer the following questions as directed in the question.
1. In words and pictures, explain how carbon is cycled from the atmosphere through producers and consumers, and back into the atmosphere. Make sure to show the process of photsynthesis and the process of cellular respiration with all products included. (HINT: Your answer should be very similar to the drawing I had on the board for a few days!).
2. A local lake is experiencing algal bloom and many fish are dying. Explain why this may be occurring. (HINT: Think about the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles!)
2. A local lake is experiencing algal bloom and many fish are dying. Explain why this may be occurring. (HINT: Think about the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles!)
Journal Activity #3 - Cellular Respiration Lab
Students experiment with Yeast and different carbohydrate solutions to show the process of cellular respiration.
Cellular Respiration Lab | |
File Size: | 36 kb |
File Type: | doc |